Suse Linux Enterprise Server 11 Crack

• Suse Linux Enterprise Server 11 Crack

. Administration Tools and Techniques Working in Terminal Most Linux systems configured as servers are managed in a (CLI) and many Linux power-users prefer to manager even their desktop system in the CLI. Although the (GUI) tools available for use in many Linux distros have improved considerably over past versions, the CLI continues to provide the greatest power and flexibility for configuring and. The other benefit to working in a CLI is that each Linux distro is much more similar in the CLI than in the GUI. For the purpose of this workshop, you will do most of your in the CLI, thus allowing you to make smoother and simpler transitions from to other distros such as, RedHat, or even traditional UNIX systems. About the book This chapter excerpt on (download PDF) is taken from the book.

Among the topics covered in this book are Linux installation, administration network services and performance monitoring for solution providers. Other Helpful Commands #su – username is the switch user command. The hyphen switches the present working directory to the new user's home directory.

When used with no parameters, the 'su' command switches to 'root'. #pwd displays the present working directory's full path #ls lists the directory contents #cat filename concatenates files and prints on the standard output (usually the display screen) #less filename (from the man page) less is a program similar to more, but which allows backward movement in the file as well as forward movement. Also, less does not have to read the entire input file before starting.

#more filename is a program that filters text to allow paging through a file one page at a time whereis is a helpful command for finding configuration files and executable programs. It does not search through user directories. Try this: #whereis ifconfig find is another helpful command that will search based on various criteria including file name, file size, modification date, and permissions. The find command can only be issued by a user who has permission to view the target files and directories. Try this: #find filename within the current directory There are many options available for use with find: #find / -type d -name conf will find all the directories named 'conf' #find / -user donc will find all files owned by 'donc' #find / -name donc will find all files with the same name as 'donc' #find -name 'index.html' would search for any file named index.html in the current directory and any subdirectory. #find / -name 'index.html' would search for any file named index.html in the and all subdirectories from root #find -name 'sshd. would search for any file beginning with the text string 'sshd' in the current directory and any subdirectory.

#find -name '.' -size +500k would search for any file larger then 500k. Locate is also a command that is useful for finding files on a. It uses a database when searching for files, so it's faster than find. You can use locate like this: #locate filename Files that have been created recently, however, may not be in the database. You can force an update of the database like this: #updatedb or #locate –u du is a way of estimating disk usage. When used with no arguments, du reports the disk space for the current directory.

By default, disk space is printed in units of one kilobyte (1024 bytes). For example, to find out which directories are largest, use this command: #du -S sort –n (The 'S' switch tells it to report the size of each directory separately, not including subdirectories. The pipe ( ) redirects the output of 'du' to the 'sort' utility. The '-n' switch sorts numerically.) dmesg is a program that helps users print out bootup messages: #dmesg less This command will pipe to 'less' An alternative is to pipe the dmesg output to a file. Try this: #dmesg boot.messages You will find the boot.messages file in the present working directory.

Try using cat, more, and less to view the contents of the file. The 'who' command displays currently logged on users: #who displays currently logged on users, their terminal, and their login times.

#who –u adds idle time. #whoami displays the name of the user initiating the command. There are a variety of switches available for use with 'ls': Viewing the contents of a file Command Syntax What it does cat cat filename 'cat' is for 'concatenate', cat displays the contents of file(s) named in the command file file filename 'file' identifies the type of file as directory, text, or binary. Head head filename 'head' shows the top ten lines of the named file. You can change the number of lines shown by using the -n option (where 'n' is the number of lines you wish to display).

Tail tail filename 'tail' shows the bottom ten lines of the named file. As with 'head', you can change the number of lines shown by using the -n option (where 'n' is the number of lines you wish to display). More more filename 'more' shows the contents of a file, one page at a time.

You can see additional pages by pressing the space bar or view additional lines, one at a time, by pressing the enter key. Less less filename 'less' is similar to 'more' in that it shows the contents of a file, one page at a time, but 'less' allows you to move forward and backward through the file using the arrow keys. Wc wc filename When used with no options, 'wc' displays the number of lines, words, and characters in the named file.

Options are available which allow you to specify bytes, characters, lines, and words. Editing configuration files In addition to managing a Linux system by executing various commands in the CLI or using tools in graphical interface, you will also need to frequently modify various configuration files. There are several text editors which are commonly used to edit the Linux configuration files. In this document, we will be using 'vim', a programmers‟ text editor.

'vim' is an enhanced version of '. Most people use 'vim', but refer to it as 'vi'. This exercise will help you become more comfortable with 'vi' (pronounced 'VEE-eye'), a traditional text editor found on most Linux and UNIX systems. Although many people consider 'vi' to be somewhat awkward, its wide availability makes a well worthwhile. The traditional 'vi' text editor has been replaced on most systems with 'vim' ('vi' improved). The command set is substantially the same for both 'vi' and 'vim'. On most systems, the 'vi' command has been aliased to 'vim'.

Suse Linux Enterprise Server 11 Crack

To open a file with Vim, type the following command: #vim filename Operation within Vim is done with a variety of commands, some of which are listed here::set nu displays line numbers along the left margin:q! Quits without saving:wq writes and quits (saves and quits) Arrow keys can be used to move the cursor or letter keys can be used: h to go left j to go down k to go up l to go right G goes to the end of the file nG (where 'n' is a line number) goes to the specified line in the file Vim has many more commands and options available. Help is available by typing:help. About the author: is the president and chief technologist of the Seattle-based IT training company,.

He has more than 35 years experience working with workplace technology and automation and holds multiple technical certifications including Linux+ and CCNA Security. Printed with permission from Soundtraining.net.

Copyright 2010. The Accidental Administrator: Linux Server Step-by-Step Configuration Guide by Don R. For more information about this title and other similar books, please visit.

About the book This chapter excerpt on (download PDF) is taken from. Solution providers will get information and analysis on Fedora 12 and RHEL 5, including topics such as the command line, new GUIs and desktop customization. Learn best practices for system/network administration tasks, including new coverage of network monitoring with Cacti. The job of a system administrator is to keep one or more systems in a useful and convenient state for users.

On a Linux system, the administrator and user may both be you, with you and the computer being separated by only a few feet. Or the system administrator may be halfway around the world, supporting a network of systems, with you being simply one of thousands of users. A system administrator can be one person who works part-time taking care of a system and perhaps is also a user of the system. Or the administrator can be several people, all working full-time to keep many systems running.

Securing a server ou may secure a server either by using TCP wrappers or by setting up a chroot jail. TCP Wrappers: Client/Server Security (hosts.allow and hosts.deny) When you open a local system to access from remote systems, you must ensure that the following criteria are met.